QRZ! Ham Radio 5/QRZ Ham Radio Callsign Database - Volume 5.iso/digests/infoham/940907.txt

Internet Message Format | 1994-11-13 | 25.8 KB

Date: Fri, 12 Aug 94 21:28:49 PDT
From: Info-Hams Mailing List and Newsgroup <[e-mail]>
Errors-To: [e-mail]
Reply-To: [e-mail]
Precedence: Bulk
Subject: Info-Hams Digest V94 #907
To: Info-Hams


Info-Hams Digest            Fri, 12 Aug 94       Volume 94 : Issue  907

Today's Topics:
                               "We..."
                  Amateur Radio Transceiver For Sale
                           ARLD050 DX news
             Commercial Radio Telegraph License (2 msgs)
                         GB2ATG (August 1994)
                   IPS Daily Report - 10 August 94
                  List of European repeaters needed.
                         PS Smith chart - TNX
                      What does "beverage" mean?
                  Which code learning method?  Why?

Send Replies or notes for publication to: <[e-mail]>
Send subscription requests to: <[e-mail]>
Problems you can't solve otherwise to [e-mail].

Archives of past issues of the Info-Hams Digest are available
(by FTP only) from UCSD.Edu in directory "mailarchives/info-hams".

We trust that readers are intelligent enough to realize that all text
herein consists of personal comments and does not represent the official
policies or positions of any party.  Your mileage may vary.  So there.
----------------------------------------------------------------------

Date: 11 Aug 1994 21:00:38 GMT
From: ihnp4.ucsd.edu!usc!howland.reston.ans.net!spool.mu.edu!news.clark.edu!netnews.nwnet.net!news.u.washington.edu![e-mail]
Subject: "We..."
To: [e-mail]

In article <32bes5$[e-mail]>,
 <[e-mail]> wrote:
>In article <32b0p4$[e-mail]>,
>gregory brown <[e-mail]> wrote:
>>The other day I heard the best (!) use of the ham-radio "we" I've
>>heard yet...overheard:   "We just had an operation to remove a
>>blood-clot in our leg".  Now that would be a sight! >Greg WB0RTK
>
>Hi Greg, you may not know the origin of the term "we" as far as ham
>radio goes. It is a side effect of learning Morse Code which tends
>to split the brain into two distinct parts, one for normal stuff and
>one for emulating a modem. The split is so severe that the individual
>perceives two distinct entities existing within his brain and starts
>referring to himself as "we". It must be true because it happened to
>us right after we got our first ham ticket.

I think this post may qualify for the "Biggest stretch to change the topic
to the code/nocode debate" award.

NOTE:  This isn't a flame; I just thought it was amusing.

--
Mike Cummings  NX7E                [e-mail]
"Just as bees will swarm about to protect their nest, so will I 'swarm
about' to protect my nest of chocolate eggs." - Jack Handey

------------------------------

Date: 7 Aug 1994 21:28:01 GMT
From: unix.sri.com!headwall.Stanford.EDU!Xenon.Stanford.EDU![e-mail]
Subject: Amateur Radio Transceiver For Sale
To: [e-mail]

I have the following Amateur Radio Equipment for Sale.  Would like to
sell as a package deal.  My investment to date is about $1700.  Here
is your chance to buy one of the best transceivers made for a deep
discount.
**********************************************************************

1.)    Kenwood TS-440S w/ Automatic Antenna Tuner.  Purchased two
    years ago for about $1,300.  NEVER used.  Has been sitting
    here for the past two years.  I am not really interested in
    HF.  Would like to get $1100 or best offer for the
    transceiver.  Unit is in like-new condition.  Will ship in
     the original box. (With manual)

2.)    Trio CW Filter YK-88C Crystal Filter 8830.7 kHz (L71-0211-05).

3.)    Service Manual for TS-440S with antenna tuner

4.)    NPC Regulated Power Supply (25 amps).  Meters for both Voltage
    and Current.

5.)    Cushcraft 5-band HF Antenna (ATV-5).

6.)    Kenwood MC-85 Microphone Control Station. This is Kenwood's
    Deluxe desk-top Microphone with built-in audio-level
    compensation (700 ohms) and undirectional electret condenser
    microphone.

------------------------------

Date: Thu, 11 Aug 1994 17:18:50 MDT
From: ihnp4.ucsd.edu!library.ucla.edu!psgrain!nntp.cs.ubc.ca!alberta!ve6mgs![e-mail]
Subject: ARLD050 DX news
To: [e-mail]

SB DX @ ARL $ARLD050
ARLD050 DX news

ZCZC AE48
QST de W1AW
DX Bulletin 50  ARLD050
>From ARRL Headquarters
Newington CT  August 12, 1994
To all radio amateurs

SB DX ARL ARLD050
ARLD050 DX news

The items in this week's bulletin are courtesy of Steve, W9NUF, the
Western Illinois DX Association, Bob, W5KNE, the QRZ DX newsletter,
Tedd, KB8NW, the Ohio/Penn DX Bulletin, and the Contest Corral
column from QST.  Thanks.

CENTRAL KIRIBATI.  T31BA and T31BB have been on the air a lot
lately.  Listen for them on 3795 kHz between 1030 and 1200z.  Also
try 40 meter SSB from 0600 to 1300z and 20 meter SSB between 2200
and 0400z.  QSL T31BA via DL2ZAD.  QSL T31BB via DF6FK.

SAINT KITTS.  V44KAO has been quite active in recent days.  He was
worked on 7006 kHz at 0100z on Wednesday.

SAINT PAUL ISLAND.  The CY9DX dxpedition has been cancelled.

SINGAPORE.  The special prefix S61 will be used by amateurs through
September 12.  This is in conjunction with the 25th anniversary of
the founding of the Singapore Amateur Radio Transmitting Society.

HONG KONG.  Tom, VR2GC, is on the air most weekends.  Check around
14015 kHz between 1230 and 1530z.  QSL via G5JJ.

VIETNAM.  JA1IED had been reported to be planning 3W6 activity from
August 13 to 17.  If not issued a 3W6 call sign, he will sign
3W6/JA1IED.  Try 21150 to 21200 kHz for his SSB and 21010 and 14013
kHz for CW.

MALAWI.  Eliseo, IN3VZE, is active as 7Q7CE until August 25.  QSL
via IN3VZE.  John, 7Q7JL, has been worked on 18155 kHz between 1300
and 1530z.  QSL via G0IAS.

NEPAL.  Kyoko, NH6RT, has been heard signing 9N1KY.  She was heard
on 14184 kHz at 1648z and 14270 kHz at 1700z.  QSL via Kyoko
Yamakami, Box 3, Tokaimura, 319-11, Japan.

CHAD.  Larry, F5IXR, is planning to be on the air beginning August
18 signing TT8/F5IXR until he receives his TT8 call sign.  TT8XR has
been requested.  QSL via F5MXH.  No documentation has been received
for this operation.

EASTERN MALAYSIA.  Dave, 9M8BT, continues to be active on 20 meter
SSB with a very good signal into the East Coast.  He was also heard
on 20 meter RTTY.  Best shots are between 1245 and 1500z.  QSL via
N5FTR.  Johnny, 9M8DB, also has a good signal and operates around
the same time as Dave.  QSL via Johnny Tan, Box 1549, 98008, Miri,
Sarawak, East Malaysia.

CHAGOS.  VQ9TP has been doing a lot of CW on several bands.  Most
activity is between 1230 and 1630z.  He was heard over the weekend
on 18083 kHz between 1345 and 1600z.  Also check the low end of the
other bands.  QSL via N5TP.  Tom, VQ9TT, was heard on 14014 kHz at
1300z.

MONACO.  Mike, W5ZPA, plans to sign 3A/W5ZPA from August 16 to 20.
Listen for his CW, SSB and RTTY in the usual DX windows.  QSL via
W5ZPA.

AMSTERDAM ISLAND.  FT5XJ has been signing FT5ZF, working mostly ZLs,
Europeans, JAs and western USA.  QSL via F5NLL.

TOKELAU ISLANDS.  5W1UC is signing ZK3UC.  QSL via Box 615, Apia,
Western Samoa.

GREENLAND.  Karl, OX/DL1VU, should be on until August 25.  He
prefers operating CW.  QSL via DL1VU.

THIS WEEKEND ON THE RADIO.  The CW weekend of the European DX
Contest is from 0000z August 13 to 2400z August 14 on 80, 40, 20, 15
and 10 meters.  Exchange signal report and serial number.  Stateside
stations also give state.  Details appear on page 126 of July QST.

The ATV Quest Contest, sponsored by ATV Quarterly, is from August 12
to 14.  FSTV Sprints are any 36 hour period and SSTV are any 24 hour
period.  Exchange call signs via video modes.  For more information
see page 120 in March QST.
NNNN
/EX

------------------------------

Date: 12 Aug 1994 13:49:54 GMT
From: ihnp4.ucsd.edu!dog.ee.lbl.gov!news.cs.utah.edu!utah-morgan!cs.utexas.edu!howland.reston.ans.net!vixen.cso.uiuc.edu!newsrelay.iastate.edu!news.iastate.edu!isuvax.iastate.edu!TWP77@network
Subject: Commercial Radio Telegraph License
To: [e-mail]

This thread got me wondering.  (I know this isn't amateur radio, but
I'm curious.)

What is required for the Commercial Telegraph licenses?  What is the
difference between second and first class?  (Is there a third class?)
If I wanted to try this, what would I--as an Amateur Extra--have to do?

Thanks in advance for any information that may quench my curiousity.

------------------------------

Date: Fri, 12 Aug 1994 16:27:06
From: nwnexus!olympus.net!olympus.net![e-mail]
Subject: Commercial Radio Telegraph License
To: [e-mail]

In article <32fum2$[e-mail]> [e-mail] writes:
>From: [e-mail]
>Subject: Re: Commercial Radio Telegraph License
>Date: 12 Aug 1994 13:49:54 GMT

>This thread got me wondering.  (I know this isn't amateur radio, but
>I'm curious.)
Inquireing minds want to know.
>What is required for the Commercial Telegraph licenses?  What is the
>difference between second and first class?  (Is there a third class?)
>If I wanted to try this, what would I--as an Amateur Extra--have to do?
As an extra class ham you can forego the telegraphy exam but you still have to
pass the theory portion of the test. Sound familiar. After passing what
I think is the element 3 exam you can recieve the 2nd class
radiotelegraph license. Contact the FCC, they will let you know exactly
what you have to do.
>Thanks in advance for any information that may quench my
curiousity.
Hope this helps.

------------------------------

Date: Fri, 12 Aug 1994 08:06:00 -0600
From: ihnp4.ucsd.edu!news.cerf.net!gopher.sdsc.edu!nic-nac.CSU.net!charnel.ecst.csuchico.edu!yeshua.marcam.com!zip.eecs.umich.edu!newsxfer.itd.umich.edu!nntp.cs.ubc.ca!alberta!ve6mgs!usenet@@
Subject: GB2ATG (August 1994)
To: [e-mail]

BARTG  *  GB2ATG  *  NEWS  *  BARTG  *  NEWS  *  GB2ATG  *  BARTG
This is the - British Amateur Radio Teledata Group - News Broadcast Service
for all Amateurs and Short Wave Listeners interested in RTTY Amtor, Pactor
and Packet Radio.

This news is broadcast during the first full week commencing Monday each
month, to the following schedule..

Evening transmissions at 1930 GMT. on 3.584 MHz. Mark. +/- for QRM.
RTTY on Monday-AFSK, Wednesday-AFSK and Friday-FSK
Pactor-FEC on Tuesday.
Amtor-FEC on Thursday and Saturday.

Morning transmission at 1000 GMT. on 7.041 MHz. Mark. +/- for QRM.
RTTY on Sunday-AFSK.

An edited version of this bulletin is available on the Packet network as a
BARTG at GBR. file thanks to: Andy (G3ZYP) at GB7MXM.#36.GBR.EU.

It is also posted on the "INTERNET" system via the INFO-HAMS list on UCSD.EDU.
thanks to Iain (G6ARO) who is available on the "JANET" network as
[e-mail]

News for August 1994. Bulletin No. 020.

BARTG Information.
The BARTG Rally takes place on Sunday 11th September in the Sandown Exhibition
Centre, Esher, Surrey. Doors open at 10:30, the venue will be well sign posted
with talk-in on S22. Plenty of free car parking and trains from Waterloo stop
at Esher station. The rally will inclide top companies and special interest
groups plus a Bring and Buy. On site catering with hot and cold meals, snacks
and licensed bar. All DATA modes catered for plus much to interest the computer
buff.
Mark the date. Mark and Space the DATA.

Early notice of the BARTG AGM. This year the Annual General
Meeting returns to London on 5th November at
London House, Mecklenburgh Square.
Full details will be published in the Autumn issue of Datacom.

RTTY DX Activity. (All times are GMT.)
14 MHz.
1A0KM, YW0RCV and ZA1MH 0730. 4Z5GN 0830. T97V 0930. Z21HD 1130,
YB3AQF and EA8ATE 1330. YW0RCV, OD5PL, BY1QH and TF5SJ 1430.
5Z4FM and SV5AZP 1500. EA6NB, 3B8CF, VR2GO and 4S7/JA4FM 1530.
9V1ZS 1630. FR5ZU/T and DU1BJD 1700. A22EX 1730.
CE3GN, 7Q7ZZ and 9K2WA 1800. A41KD 1830. 9A3TB 1930. TA2II 2030.
EA9KQ 2200.

QSL Information.
1A0KM via IK0FVC.  OD5PL via HB9CRV.  4S7/JA4FM via JA1FHK.
TF5SJ via LA0BX.  A22EX via N4CID.  FR5ZU/T via VE2NW.
9V1ZS P.O.Box 24, Raffles City, Singapore 9117.
YW0RCV (Aves Island.) via Radio Club Venezolano. POB 2285,
Caracas 1010-A, DF, Venezuela. (Note: 1 IRC does not cover return
airmail to Europe).

Contests.
The CQ World Wide RTTY contest starts 0000 GMT September 24th until 2400 GMT
September 25th on all 5 HF bands.
All digital modes may be used, Baudot, ASCII, Amtor and Pactor (FEC and ARQ),
Packet (no unattended operation or contacts through gateways or digipeaters).
A station may only be worked once per band to score, regardless of the digital
mode employed. The same station may be worked on other bands for additional
points.

Classification.
 1. Single operator all band and single band.
 2. Single operator assisted, all band only.
 3. Multi-operator, single transmitter, all band only.
 4. Multi-operator, multi-transmitter, all band only.

Categories.
Single operator entries may enter either (A) All band or (B) Single band.
Single operator assisted and Multi-operator entries can only enter the all
band section.

Contest period.
The total contest period is 48 hrs. but no more than 30 hrs. Of operation are
permitted for single operator stations. The 18 hrs. Of rest can be taken at any
time during the contest period in blocks of not less than 3 hrs. duration which
must be clearly marked in the log and summary sheets.
Multi-Operator and Multi-Multi stations may operate the entire 48 hrs. contest
period.
Single operators may operate more than 30 hrs. but only the first 30 hrs. will
count towards the official score. (This allows rarer DX to give their
multiplier to more stations).

Exchange message.
Within the 48 continental United States give - RST - State or VE area - CQ
zone number.
All other stations exchange - RST - CQ zone number.

QSO points.
One (1) QSO point for contacts within your own country.
Two (2) QSO points for contacts outside your own country but within your own
        continent.
Three (3) QSO points for contacts outside your own continent.

Multipliers.
One (1) Multiplier for each US state (48) and each Canadian area (13) on each
band.
One (1) Multiplier for each DX country on each band. KH6 and KL7 count as DX
countries but not as states.
USA and Canada count as countries for the first contact on each band.
One (1) Multiplier for each CQ zone (40) on each band.

Final score.
Total QSO points times total multipliers.

Logs must be post marked no later than November 28th to qualify.
Originally-To:- Roy Gould KT1N, CQ-WW RTTY DX Contest Director, P.O.Box DX, Stow,
MA-01775, USA.

Notes of interest.
Cards for TT8OBO (Chad) are not being accepted for credit by the DXCC desk
until they receive further documentation to validate authority to operate.
The planned activity from St. Paul Isl. (CY9) by Randy N0TG and others has
been postponed until September 19-25 in order to take advantage of improved
conditions.
Increased postal charges in Japan now require 120 yen for a 10 grm airmail
letter to Europe. One US dollar exchanges for 100 yen while one IRC exchanges
for 130 yen meaning one IRC or two dollars for return QSL's.

Thanks this month to..
G3ZYP. OPDX (BARF80). DXNS.

BARTG caters for all DATA interests with information-components-kits -ready
built units and software from experts. Members receive a 120 page quarterly
journal devoted to data modes. Beginners guides for most data modes are
available. The group sponsors HF and VHF RTTY contests, administers its own DX
and members award scheme and runs an annual rally.

This copy of BARTG News is posted by Iain Kendall (G6ARO) who can be contacted
via Internet e-mail at.. [e-mail] Items for inclusion in the
broadcast may also be mailed to this address, as well as any queries regarding
membership or services offered by BARTG.

Copy of the news as distributed by G0ARF 940726.

------------------------------

Date: Wed, 10 Aug 1994 23:11:46 GMT
From: ihnp4.ucsd.edu!swrinde!howland.reston.ans.net!agate!msuinfo!harbinger.cc.monash.edu.au!news.cs.su.oz.au!metro!ipso![e-mail]
Subject: IPS Daily Report - 10 August 94
To: [e-mail]

SUBJ: IPS DAILY SOLAR AND GEOPHYSICAL REPORT
ISSUED AT 10/2330Z AUGUST 1994 BY IPS RADIO AND SPACE SERVICES
FROM THE REGIONAL WARNING CENTRE (RWC), SYDNEY.
SUMMARY FOR 10 AUGUST AND FORECAST FOR 11 AUGUST - 13 AUGUST
-----------------------------------------------------------
1A. SOLAR SUMMARY
Activity: very low

Flares: none.

Observed 10.7 cm flux/Equivalent Sunspot Number :  78/17

GOES satellite data for 09 Aug
       Daily Proton Fluence >1 MeV:   1.5E+06
       Daily Proton Fluence >10 MeV:  1.4E+04
       Daily Electron Fluence >2 MeV: 4.2E+06
       X-ray background: A2.2
Fluence (flux accumulation over 24hrs)/ cm2-ster-day.

1B. SOLAR FORECAST
             11 Aug             12 Aug             13 Aug
Activity     Very low           Very low           Very low
Fadeouts     None expected      None expected      None expected

Forecast 10.7 cm flux/Equivalent Sunspot Number for 11 Aug:  79/19

-----------------------------------------------------------
2A. MAGNETIC SUMMARY
Geomagnetic field at Learmonth: unsettled to active

Estimated Indices : A   K           Observed A Index 09 Aug
    Learmonth       12  2222 4333
    Fredericksburg  16                           6
    Planetary       18                           5

Observed Kp for 09 Aug: 1210 1223
2B. MAGNETIC FORECAST
DATE      Ap    CONDITIONS
11 Aug    20    Active
12 Aug    20    Active
13 Aug    18    Unsettled to active
COMMENT: IPS Geomagnetic Warning 2 was issued on 7 August and is
current for interval  10-12 August.
-----------------------------------------------------------
3A. GLOBAL HF PROPAGATION SUMMARY
                LATITUDE BAND
DATE        LOW            MIDDLE         HIGH
10 Aug      normal         normal         normal
PCA Event : None.

3B. GLOBAL HF PROPAGATION FORECAST
                LATITUDE BAND
DATE        LOW            MIDDLE         HIGH
11 Aug      normal         fair           poor
12 Aug      normal         fair           poor
13 Aug      normal         fair           poor

-----------------------------------------------------------
4A. AUSTRALIAN REGION IONOSPHERIC SUMMARY
       Observed
DATE   T-index  MUFs at Sydney
10 Aug    31    about 10% above predicted monthly values

Predicted Monthly T-index for August: 20

4B. AUSTRALIAN REGION IONOSPHERIC FORECAST
DATE   T-index  MUFs
11 Aug    30    About 10% above predicted monthly values
12 Aug    30    About 10% above predicted monthly values
13 Aug    25    Near predicted monthly values
COMMENT: Local propagation conditions were 15-30% above predicted
monthly values 10-18UT.
--
IPS Regional Warning Centre, Sydney       |IPS Radio and Space Services
RWC Duty Forecaster   tel: [phone]  |PO Box 5606
Recorded Message      tel: [phone]  |West Chatswood NSW 2057
email: [e-mail]  fax: [phone]  |AUSTRALIA

------------------------------

Date: Fri, 12 Aug 1994 15:16:11 GMT
From: library.ucla.edu!csulb.edu!nic-nac.CSU.net!charnel.ecst.csuchico.edu!yeshua.marcam.com!news.kei.com!travelers.mail.cornell.edu!newsstand.cit.cornell.edu![e-mail]
Subject: List of European repeaters needed.
To: [e-mail]

Do you know where I can find a list of the european repeaters
(France and Switzerland).
                Thank you !
                        Christopher

------------------------------

Date: Fri, 12 Aug 1994 14:49:01 GMT
From: ihnp4.ucsd.edu!library.ucla.edu!csulb.edu!nic-nac.CSU.net!usc!sdd.hp.com!apollo.hp.com!hpwin055.uksr!hpqmoea![e-mail]
Subject: PS Smith chart - TNX
To: [e-mail]

Tony Grimwood ([e-mail]) wrote:
: Thanks a mil, to all who replied to my request for
: the Smith chart in postscript. A few homebrew items
: have taken a step in the direction of being designed
: and built. 8-)

: tnx es 73


   Don't want to be a party pooper - but isn't the Smith chart
copyright?

   I suspect it qualifies as artwork/literature and gets protected until
50 years after Mr Smith pops his clogs.

   I could be wrong, but it may be wise to check before being seen
passing it around on a public forum.

   Cheers
            David
                   GM4ZNX

------------------------------

Date: 12 Aug 1994 15:17:35 GMT
From: ihnp4.ucsd.edu!library.ucla.edu!csulb.edu!nic-nac.CSU.net!usc!howland.reston.ans.net!swrinde!news.uh.edu![e-mail]
Subject: What does "beverage" mean?
To: [e-mail]

In <[e-mail]>, [e-mail] writes:

[snips]

>and 150 degrees, respectively.  I already had a 420' single wire
>beverage on JA and found it to be a very good receiving antenna.
 ^^^^^^^^

[many more snips]

I have seen other references to "beverage" in this group, but my
handy-dandy Random House shows only the usual definition for
the word.  What does it mean in ham-ese?


David F. Jenkins                         [e-mail]
Decision and Information Sciences
Room 280-A MH
University of Houston
713/743-4725

------------------------------

Date: 10 Aug 1994 23:01:30 GMT
From: ihnp4.ucsd.edu!swrinde!cs.utexas.edu!usc!nic-nac.CSU.net!charnel.ecst.csuchico.edu!csusac!csus.edu![e-mail]
Subject: Which code learning method?  Why?
To: [e-mail]

In article <[e-mail]>, [e-mail] wrote:

: I believe you will hear 5WPM at 5WPM at the exam session.

    My exam used some variety of Farnsworth.

--
Dan Brown                [e-mail]
Bill of Rights: RIP, 1994

------------------------------

Date: 11 Aug 1994 18:42:00 GMT
From: ihnp4.ucsd.edu!munnari.oz.au!sgiblab!rpal.rockwell.com!headwall.Stanford.EDU!agate![e-mail]
To: [e-mail]

References <32bm8a$[e-mail]>, <32bot3$[e-mail]>, <[e-mail]>π
Subject : Re: Which code learning method?  Why?

In article <[e-mail]>,
Davin Bentti <[e-mail]> wrote:
>
>> >    My exam used some variety of Farnsworth.
>>
>> The ARRL exams are as follows:
>>
>> 1A:  5 WPM at 16 WPM Farnsworth
>> 1B:  13 WPM at 18 WPM Farnsworth
>> 1C:  20 WPM at 22 or 23 WPM (can't remember)
>>
>> If you learn code Farnsworth, you'll have a easier time upgrading.
>
>    Now for a newbie question.  What is "Farnsworth"?  I am very confused
>as to how something can be 5WPM _and_ 16WPM at the same time.  I am
>thinking
>of getting a tech plus and looking into learning CW.
>
>    How do I learn code Farnsworth?

Morse Timing is dictated by something known as Character Speed
(a.k.a. dit rate), and overall sending speed.
The "standard" dah/dit ratio is 3, and inter"bit"
spacing is a dit; interletter spacing
is considered to be a dah or 3 dits, and the interword
spacing is supposed to be 7 dits.

The "standard" Morse word is PARIS (.--. .- .-. .. ...)

(apologies to those who hate "reading" code, like myself)

PARIS has 4 dahs, 10 dits, 9 interbit spaces, 4 inter-char spaces
plus a inter-word space (7 dits), or
12+10+9+12+7 = a total of 50 dits.  So, 5 WPM would be the
same as 250 dits per minute, and 13 would be 650 dits per minute
and 20 WPM would be 1000 dits per minute.

The problem with the "standard" method of sending code
that way is that the letters sound different when
sending at 5 vs. 13 WPM.

Farnsworth is a method where the INTRA character dit rate
(i.e. the length of a dit, dah and interbit spacing) is
sent at a higher dit rate than the INTER character dit
rate.

Example:  5 WPM@16 WPM

This means that the spacing inside a letter is at 16 WPM or
a dit rate of 800 dits per minute, while the spacing
between letters and words is slowed so that the average
dit rate is 250 dits per minute.  This has the effect
of really lengthening the space between characters and
words while keeping the "sound" of the character intact.

(In the above example, 31 of the 50 dits of PARIS are
sent at 800 dits/min, while the remaining 19 dits are
sent at 117.83 dits/min)

It also discourages learning to dissect the character
into individual dits and dahs and translating them which
works at 5 but fails around 10 WPM.  Learn the sound instead.

The same can be done for 13 WPM (typically done at 18 WPM
Farnsworth).

------------------------------

Date: 12 Aug 1994 14:31:11 GMT
From: ihnp4.ucsd.edu!library.ucla.edu!csulb.edu!nic-nac.CSU.net!usc!howland.reston.ans.net!swiss.ans.net!newsgate.watson.ibm.com!watnews.watson.ibm.com![e-mail]
To: [e-mail]

References <32bm8a$[e-mail]>, <32bot3$[e-mail]><[e-mail]>, <[e-mail]>8
Reply-To : [e-mail]
Subject : Re: Which code learning method?  Why? -- a new twist

Since we have spent so much time writing about which method
to learn for _copying_ code, how about some words of wisdom on
how to learn to send code? I passed the 5wpm test, and have been
doing some more listening, so I am probably upto about 7 or 8wpm,
except for still not being too good with the numbers and prosigns.

I don't want to go on the air without some sending practice, I plan
to build an oscillator _real_soon_now, but give me some general
pointers, biases, opinions..(learn to send fransworh, no learn to
send slower, learn to send only with a keyer, learn with a straight
key, learn by trying to send to SuperMorse..whatever your personal
favorite method of learning or teaching is).

--vinod
email: [e-mail]

------------------------------

End of Info-Hams Digest V94 #907
******************************